What are ‘good’ arguments is situation dependent. Factors determining the effectiveness. of arguments include the way they are presented (e.g. positive or negative framing), the policy context in which they are set, and the influence of external factors and other parties such as lobby groups and public opinions.

Decision makers may for instance believe themselves that biodiversity protection is necessary, but may feel that it is not opportune, acceptable or legitimate to take action. This has to do with their own perspectives, belief and assumptions but also with the circumstances in which the decisions are taken. Factors to take into account include interactions between different levels of governance, the stage of the policy cycle, legal and social obligations, culture and economic situation as well as the positions and competing interests of the other parties in the process, including their common history and trust of each other.